Indian Security agencies have issued an alert over the illegal use of satellite communication devices in Indian waters, calling it both unlawful and a potential national security threat.
While acting on fresh inputs, the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS) has proposed stricter penal provisions to stop the unauthorised usage of the satellite communication channels.
The DGS, expressing concerns, said security agencies continued to report instances of vessels and crew members carrying undeclared portable satellite communication devices, including satellite phones and satellite-enabled messaging equipment, noting that such incidents were in clear violation of regulatory norms.
Security alerts also pointed to the use of Zoleo satellite devices connected to smartphones compatible with Iridium satellite communication systems for messaging in areas lacking cellular network coverage. “Such actions constitute serious violations of existing orders and pose potential national security threats,” the DGS said.
In the interest of maritime safety and national security, the DGS now aims to ensure strict compliance with regulatory requirements related to the use, declaration, authorisation and reporting of satellite communication equipment by ships and seafarers operating in Indian waters.
In an earlier order dated July 12, 2023, the DGS had allowed the use of Iridium-based satellite communication equipment in Indian waters exclusively for Distress and Safety Communications under the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), subject to specified conditions. However, the use of Thuraya satellite equipment continued to remain prohibited in Indian waters.
The DGS noted that in the absence of Iridium gateways or ground stations within the Indian region — both on land and at sea — communications made through Iridium-based portable devices could not be effectively monitored, scrutinised or traced. It stated, “This limitation is of particular concern in suspicious or sensitive cases and underscores the necessity for strict compliance and enforcement.”
Under existing rules, satellite communication equipment that was not part of a ship’s GMDSS station and carried as personal belongings by crew members or other individuals is prohibited for use in Indian waters or within Indian territory. Any such personal satellite devices discovered onboard must be taken into custody of the Master (Captain) and sealed by Indian authorities upon arrival.
In a recently issued draft order inviting stakeholder comments, the DGS said any ship or vessel found violating rules related to satellite phone usage — including non-declaration or unauthorised use of satellite communication equipment— would be served an infringement notice and be liable for penal action under applicable Indian laws.
Penalties would be imposed under the provisions of the Indian Telecommunications Act, 2023, and the Merchant Shipping Act, 2025.
The proposed order would apply to all Indian and foreign-flagged ships and vessels operating in Indian waters and ports. It would also extend to seafarers onboard vessels as well as shore-based personnel involved in the installation, maintenance, operation or related activities onboard ships.
